Building a UAS Program: A Guide for Law Enforcement

Law enforcement agencies across the country are discovering the value of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for enhancing public safety. From traffic accident reconstruction to search and rescue operations, drones have become invaluable tools for modern policing. This guide outlines key considerations for agencies developing their own UAS programs.

Defining Mission Parameters

Before acquiring equipment, agencies should clearly define how drones will be used. Common law enforcement applications include:

• Traffic collision investigation and documentation
• Search and rescue operations
• Surveillance of suspect locations
• Crime scene documentation
• Large event monitoring and crowd control
• Hazardous material incident assessment

Regulatory Compliance

Law enforcement agencies must navigate FAA regulations carefully:

• Part 107 Certification: Remote pilots must hold FAA Part 107 commercial pilot certificates
• Certificate of Authorization (COA): Some operations require special FAA authorization
• Night Operations: Additional waivers may be needed for nighttime flights
• Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS): Extended range operations require specific approvals

Equipment Selection

Choosing the right drone depends on mission requirements. Key considerations include:

• Camera Capabilities: High-resolution visual and thermal imaging options
• Flight Time: Longer endurance for extended operations
• Range and Signal: Operational distance requirements
• Durability: Ability to operate in various weather conditions
• Payload Capacity: Ability to carry additional sensors or equipment

Policy Development

Agencies must develop comprehensive policies addressing:

• When UAS deployment is authorized
• Privacy protections and data retention
• Training and certification requirements
• Incident reporting procedures
• Community notification and transparency

Training and Implementation

Successful UAS programs require ongoing training. Pilots should receive instruction in:

• Drone operation and maintenance
• Legal aspects of aerial surveillance
• Departmental policies and procedures
• Emergency protocols and safety